Inside Gates versus Out of Gates :: science

Inside Gates versus Out of GatesTurkey as an troika World Society shows rapid urbanization process without industrialization which causes some problems in housing situation. In postwar period USA gave martial back up to Turkey, in order to provide to Europe agricultural needs, so there appears jobless villagers and shargoncroppers because of changes in agricultural sector in terms of providing surplus by tractors namely by less human labor. So migration to big cities was emerged which is the reason for squatter settlements existence. On the other hand globalization plays a role in suburban development which is the upper-class peoples choice for leaving heterogeneous environment in city centers that causes to emerge new suburban solid settlements as gated communities.Firstly, formation of squatter settlements implies temporariness and the term gecekondu refer building in one night. People build their gecekondus with having rising expectations for their future because they dont sla ng pessimistic feelings although they live in slums in the lack of even electricity. Gecekondu people are negatively labeled (stigmatized) as peasants in the city, uneducated, uncivilized, uncultured, backwards. They are as well called as varo, which is a sign of subordination and exclusion of these kinds of people. (Kiziltan, 2004) They survive in urban life by the help of democratic parties because they have high right to vote potential, which is populism as a political aspect, and also they provide cheap labor as their second survival factor in economic dimension. Gecekondu amnesty/pardoning start out possible as gecekondu people play a role in production-having cheap labor potential and also in consumption by buy products which urban people use, in order to show that they can adapt to the urban life. According to Mass Society Theory, when individuals hardly connect to society they fit members of social movements and mobilize against system. Besides this theory, second gener ation migrants are relatively deprived and fail to adapt in urban life so they presentment radical politic actions, try to challenge status quo, mobilize against advantaged groups. At the beginning squatters have only use appreciate but after this value begin to turn into exchange value, so gecekondu people start to be stigmatized as undeserved rich, the villagers want to migrate to city to benefit from this change value and other urban life social institutions(health services, educationetc) so there exits social mobility towards cities. Also, there is another factor which causes social mobility in squatters squatters are heterogeneous environments which consist of people from different geographical background, so it is possible to expect high social mobility in these settlements.

Doing Business in Italy Essay -- International Business

Doing business in Italy is in truth different than in the United States. Set to move onto a slow, but steady, course of action of economic growth Italy, at first glance, seems to be a promising business environment with projected increases in GDP per capita in the coming years, correspond to Business Monitor International (Italy Autos Report 30). However, there are many cultural, administrative, geographic and economic differences that make the business environment much different than that in the US. Generally dominated by domestic railway carmakers, mainly Fiat S.p.A., the auto industry in Italy doesnt look very good-hearted for new firms because of the heights barriers to entry. However, foreign carmakers like Ford have managed to penetrate the Italian market, with vehicles like the Fiesta, by focusing on small fuel efficient cars. Furthermore, Italy faces many problems that makes it a less attractive place for business such as low business productivity, insufficient inv estment in high technology industries, disadvantageous demographics, and the fatigue market.(Italy Autos Report 31)Although the automotive market in Italy doesnt show much room for sales growth as shown by a high car ownership per capita. In 2009, mostly due to government incentives, the auto market saw a more moderate drop in sales than in the previous year (fig. 1). According to the Business Monitor International total auto sales is forecasted to surpass 2.58 million units by 2014 (Italy Autos Report 27). Taking into fib Ghemawats four dimensions of distance culture, administrative, geographic and economic shows that while there are costs and risks associated with doing business in Italy there are also advantages. position is taught early as a secondary languag... ... both advantages and disadvantages. The current auto market, mostly dominated by domestic players due to the consumers loyalty toward domestic brands, shows very little appeal for new entrants. Some foreign carmak ers, Ford for example, are showing signs of growth in this market. Ford has been able to do this by appealing to the consumers desire, for small affordable cars. Works CitedItaly Autos Report - Q1 2010. Italy Autos Report 1 Jan. 2010 ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry, ProQuest. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.Italy - Labor. Encyclopedia of the Nations. 28 Feb. 2014. . Potesta, Sandra. How to do Business in Italy. Feb. 2007. 28 Feb. 2014. . Welcome to Italy. 28 Feb. 2014..

Underneath My Skin - Original Writing :: Papers

Underneath My Skin - Original Writing I am 15 old age old, and I hate my life. My parents are dead, I have no friends, I get bullied every day, and the worst of it is that I cant do anything about it. I at a time live in Omaha, Nebraska with my aunt, Patrice, who just made 21 and is never home. She is my last living relative. At school this kid named Brian messes me all the time. I never fight back because Im just peaceful like that. I get dependable grades (I have nothing else to do with my spare time except homework). I earn my own money by playing craps behind the school with loaded dice. Thats why I dont have any friends. So I was walking home and here comes Brian with his sidekick Jim. Brian says, Hey punk hows it goin? Then Jim says, Yeah punk. I say, Im doing fine. Gimme all your money, or my fist and your face will become good friends. Then he pushes me. All of a sudden, something came over and I just start wailing on the guy. I get up, look at Jim and say, You compulsion some of this? He stands there in fear for a while and runs away. The rest of the way home I kept thinking about what happened, thinking about what came over me. In the middle of deep thought, I heard a voice say, It was me. I looked around and no one was there. So I blew it off and went on home. I got home, laid on my bed still thinking about what happened. There was that voice again, It was me. Makius. Now I knew something was up. Whos there? I said. You dont know me but I know you very well, said the voice. You know me, I said. The voice then said, Yes, I know about the time when mortal tripped you and everyone laughed. I know about the time when some bully stole your shoes, and wore them the next day.

THE EVOLUTION OF CARIBBEAN SOCIAL POLICY Essay -- essays research pape

THE EVOLUTION OF CARIBBEAN SOCIAL POLICY Reasons for the Changes and Shifts in the Social Policy Agenda From the 1940s to the inaugurate Period. Social Policy may be broadly defined as a system of social welfare that includes economic as well as non-economic objectives and involves some measure of progressive redistribution in command over resources1. Using Mishras typology of social welfare models (see Fig. 1 below), this paper describes the developing of social polity in the English-speaking Caribbean. Drawing primarily from the experiences of Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica, four chronological periods are used to highlight the factors contributing to the major developments in social policy 1) the neighboring(a) Post-War Period and the Moyne Commission (1940 to 1950) 2) Transition to Self-Government (1950 to 1961) 3) Ideology and the Immediate Post-Independence Period (1962 to 1973) 4) the Oil Crisis, World Recession and Structural Adjustment (1970 to 1980s) 5) (Conclusion) Th e Present Period (1990 to present)2. A review of the literature revealed that a combination of social, economic, political/ideological and international factors contributed to policy development at each stage of this evolutionary process. This paper argues that as a result of these factors, Caribbean social policy gradually moved from a strong residual preliminary prior to the Moyne report, and tended to a more institutional come up during the transition period to full internal self-government, then to a more structural approach in the immediate post-independence period, and back to a residual approach when structural adjustment policies were instituted in the 1980s. Of course, in reality the policies formulated in the various periods do not conform perfectly to Mishras types. However, this does not cut from the applicability of the model to the present analysis, as it is an inherent feature of all ideal types (as is implied by the descriptor ideal). Also, while the general facto rs contributing to the evolution of Caribbean social policy has been highlighted, the specific ways in which these factors manifested in each country are extensively discussed. Fig. 1 Mishras Welfare Models1 Main Features typecast of WelfareResidualInstitutionalStructuralState responsibility in meeting needs (ideology of state intervention)MinimalOptimal... ...Henry, Ralph and Moesire, Alicia. Poverty Alleviation and Reduction Programmes the ground Caribbean Experience in Poverty, Empowerment and Social Development in the Caibbean. Ed, Norman Girvan. Mona Canoe calf love UWI, 1997, 101 136. Mac Pherson, Stewart. Social Policy in the 3rd World The Social Dilemmas of Underdevelopment. UK Wheatsheaf Books Ltd. 1982. Neil, Joan. Targeting and Poverty New Trends in Social Policy Social Projects for Alleviation in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. UNECLAC, 1992. Robothom, Don. Social and Economic Policy start Gates and End-States, UWI, 1995. Sinha, D.P. Health Care of The Popula tion in Children of the Caribbean. CFNI/PAHO, 198 8. 123-144. Stone, Carl. Power Policy and Politics in Independent Jamaica in Jamaican in Independence Essays on the Early Years. Ed, Rex Nettleford. Kingston Heinemann Caribbean, 1989, 19-53. Thomas, Clive, Y. The interrelationship between economic and social development in Poverty, Empowerment and Social Development in the Caribbean. Ed, Norman Girvan. Mona Canoe Press UWI, 1997, 20-49. Titmuss, R. Social Policy An Introduction.

Relations Between the United States and Japan Before September 1941 Ess

Relations Between the United States and japan Before September 1941 Japan was no all-night able to rely on itself for food and raw materials and, so, for Japan to survive and prosper it would have to modernise and adopt Western technology. Japan was a gallant country merely had managed to beat Russia in the war in 1905. They joined Britain in the War against Germany. On the 7th September 1914, they took over Germanys interests in China, but werent given any credit for the war. The Japanese demanded the right to send experts as advisors to the Chinese Government. Only 15% of Japan was habitable, they needed more nourishment space but werent allowed to emigrate to the U.S while the Washington agreement stopped them expanding in the Far East. In 1919, the United States called a conference, where nine countries attended, to point of accumulation the size of the navies of Britain, the U.S and Japan. It did so in the ratio 553. The Japanese were treated lik e a minor nation. They werent allowed to emigrate out of Japan or expand into China. They ...

Relations Between the United States and Japan Before September 1941 Ess

Relations Between the joined States and japan Before family 1941 Japan was no longer able to rely on itself for food and raw materials and, so, for Japan to survive and prosper it would have to modernise and adopt Hesperian technology. Japan was a medieval country but had managed to beat Russia in the war in 1905. They joined Britain in the War against Germany. On the 7th family line 1914, they took over Germanys interests in China, but werent given any credit for the war. The Japanese demanded the right to send experts as advisors to the Chinese Government. Only 15% of Japan was habitable, they needed more living space but werent allowed to emigrate to the U.S while the Washington agreement stopped them expanding in the Far East. In 1919, the United States called a conference, where nine countries attended, to limit the size of the navies of Britain, the U.S and Japan. It did so in the ratio 553. The Japanese were treated like a minor nation. They weren t allowed to emigrate out of Japan or expand into China. They ...

Male/Female Contrasts Essay Essay

There atomic number 18 many contrasts to male and female friendships. Both sexes role their feelings, thoughts, or even a passing(a) conversation, otherwise from from each one other. Some say its because of a mans ego, or a womans intuition that their friendships seem to work. Here are some contrasts of both genders friendships. Woman friendships usually seem to be more conversed, as for men its the opposite. Woman can blab out or so anything they inadequacy and share the same feelings or thoughts on the topic, just now for men its a little less conversational. For men they think its feminine to blather about their feelings. Men usually refrain from talking to their friends about relationship problems so they typically talk about work related topics, sports, or anything that has to do with a mans masculinity to show his friend he is dominate.But if men were to find themselves in a conversation they only talk about the things they have in common, which makes the men bond mor e and most likely to be better friends. Men dont criticize each others opinion. As for women, if a girl sees her friend crying she is more likely to ask her to talk about why is she crying. Woman share common issues so their more likely to help one another. So you can say women are more sympathetic then men. Woman overly criticize each other and because they know more information about each other, their more open to sharing personal information. Unlike woman, men come in in a total different activity when their together as oppose to woman.Men rather do more hands on activities such(prenominal) as painting a house, play sports (whether it be on a game console or in a big field), even exhalation to the gym together, and also help another man with a mechanical problem. Like I stated before men try to avoid doing anything that has to do with emotions. Woman on the other hand does activities that dont get them tired. Things like shopping, or share secrets they dont really do anything else but talk. They rather do things that involve finding things out about another person.Women can go out to a caf and sit down for hours talking about books or men. Men go into a caf order their stuff to go while talking about the hot girl in their work place. So in conclusion there are many contrasts to male and female friendships. Men and women friendships differ because of the way both sexes share their feelings, thoughts, or a casual conversation. Men rather do things that dont involve talking about emotion but focus on the masculinity and do copious activities. As for woman there more conversed and sympathetic towards their friends and try not to do anything that would tire them out.

Civil Disobedience By Thoreau

Philosophers, historians, authors, and politicians have spent centuries pondering the relationship between citizens and their government. It is a question that has as m whatsoever considerations as there ar forms of government and it is rarely answered satis accompanimentorily. A relatively modern theorist, author Henry Thoreau, introduced an idea of service humanness as an individual, rather than a subject, by exhaustively describing the way a citizen should live many of his works. He indirectly supplements the arguments he presents in his essay Civil Disobedience through a comprehensive plectron of adages found in his other works.In articular, the phrases A simple and independent mind does not toil at the bidding of any prince and To be conjure up is to be alive. I have never met a man who is quite awake support many of the arguments in Civil Disobedience because they help to grow the complex ideas Thoreau presents. The phrase A simple and independent mind does not toil at t he bidding of any prince regards the responsibilities of a man to his own consciousnessit is a work that can not be revoked by any form of tyrant.Rather than hinting at a type of anarchy, this statement merely describes each mans duty to performing judge in all his actions. This does not refer to any mans duty to devote himself to the eradication of any, even the most enormous wrong he may still properly have other concerns to engage him but it is his duty, at least, to wash his hands of it, and, if he prepares it no thought longer, not to give it practically his support (681). The term simple does not refer to an underdeveloped sense of morality it describes a state of mind in which the concept of justice is so defined that contradictions cannot exist.To toil, as it is presented in this quotation, means to sacrifice ideals for the sake of conformity or law. The only real power the State holds over any individual is the promise of brute force it never intentionally confronts a ma ns sense, intellectual or moral, but only his body, his senses (687). Therefore, many acts the State requires will be unjustthey can and will force a man to slave for the sake of an ordeal he does not believe in. As Thoreau notes in Civil Disobedience, a wise man will only be useful as a man (678).In essence, Thoreau believes that a man who toils at any opinion institutions bidding simply because it bid him to do so sacrifices his own facilities as a human being. He then becomes nothing more than a man put on a level with wood and earth and stones Commanding no more respect than men of straw, or a lump of dirt (678). another(prenominal) quotation that helps to explicate Thoreaus Civil Disobedience is To be awake is to be alive. I have never yet met a man who was quite awake.In this phrase, Thoreau uses the term awake as an euphemism for being fully aware of ones concept of right and fully in control of ones moral and physical existence. Understandably, people who are consistently a wake, in this sense of the word, are hard to find There are ine hundred and ninety-nine patrons of virtue to one virtuous man (680). Also, the fact that Thoreau has never met a man who was quite awake implies that fully conscious individuals have difficulty existing in modern society.In fact, Thoreau believes that no man with a genius for legislation has appeared in America. They are rare in the history of the world (692). Perhaps, by the word awake, and its equation with alive, Thoreau is also referring to the ability to follow up his own mission I came into this world, not chiefly to make this a favourable place to live in, but to live in it, be it good or bad (683). Although this concept is not a particularly unique one, it is well-nigh impossible to fulfill completelybut to fulfill it partially is useless.As a brisk being, one must(prenominal) cast your whole vote, not a strip of paper merely, but your whole influence (684). To truly be alive, one must be consciously satisfi ed with every passing moment. Through his conscientious support of every facet of his philosophy, Thoreau effectively proves his statements regarding citizenship and government. He remains consistent to nearly every idea he presents and therefore surrounds them with a seriousness that cannot be ignored.

American dream Essay

Exploration of the etymon of the American Dream In a unpolished where liberty, freedom and the land of opportunity is a pivotal part of American society the American dream is born. The American dream is fundamentally the notation that no matter your race, religion, sex or social class if you work hard in America you will achieve materialistic wealth. Steinbecks novel, Of Mice and Men sets in the 1930s, the time of the great depression and depicts the flaws of the American Dream. Some of the themes in the novel include friendship, end, jealousy and loneliness.The exploration of this essay shall consist of me focussing on the theme of the American Dream by exploring the characters, George and Lennie, glaze and Crooks. Steinbeck also conveys the theme of the American Dream through the character of Candy- as the name implies Candy is a honeyed character, the quote, yeah, nice fella too demonstrates this as Candy is talking fairly about Crooks who is black and looked down upon in soc iety of that time. Candy is an aged(prenominal) character, the anile man put the yellow can in his pocket and this is illustrated by Steinbeck as one of the flaws of the American Dream which stops them achieve the A. D. and because everyone shall some twenty-four hours begin hoar Steinbeck is implying that sometimes the American Dream is never achievable. Candy owns a dog which he has known for most of his life, Thats a hell of an old dog Yeah I had im since he was a pup This dog of his is a very close possession and friend and it is implied that Candy has realised that he shall never achieve his American Dream but his dog is the closest he shall get to it so it is a part of his American Dream.However Candys dog was shot by Carlson due to it being old and smelly, I dont know anything that stinks so bad as an old dog hes got no teeth whynt you shoot him Candy? The death of Candys dog symbolises the death of Candys Amercian Dream, however in more depth, the death of his dog illu strates that anyone (animal or human) who is old or smells or has no teeth (basically out of the norm) is not accepted into society and shall not be accepted and death could be a possible out come.Although Candys dog had no use to the people around and society, to Candy he meant a lot and the death of his meant a death of part of candy himself. Similarly, Lennie like the dog was not accepted in society due to the deed he had committed and due to his disability however, he meant something to George and they too like Candy an his dog were hard-core friends but it was because of society that cause the death of both the dog and Lennie which cause the death of their American Dream. Through the character of Curley, Steinbeck give tongue tos the Amercian Dream in a distinguishable light.He illustrates that the American Dream is achievable through Curley as he has his own ranch, the trophy wife, the money and power. However, Steinbeck is also showing that only a hardly a(prenominal) p eople achieve the American Dream as only one of the Characters achieves the American Dream out of 6. Although Curley has achieved the American Dream, Steinbeck clearly shows through the nature of Curley that those who be able and do achieve the American Dream are not always nice people, in fact from Curleys character, the audience feels that they are in fact horrible people.The way in which Curley treats other people makes him perceived as a very horrible person. The way in which Curleys wife describes him, I don like Curley. He aint a nice fella shows how little liked he is. Also, the way in which Curleys wife is used as a possession of his shows the greed of power that Curley has. Also the way that Curley is perceived by George shows already within only a day of knowing Curley he is not liked as George refers to Curley as a son of a bitch vAlso, the way in which Curley treats Lennie is appalling, What the hell you laughin at?Lennie looked blankly at him. Huh? Then Curleys rage exploded. Come on, ya big bastard. Get up on your feet. No big son-of-a-bitch is gonna laugh at me. Ill show ya whos yella. This shows the arrogance of Curley. The theme of the American Dream is finely woven through the entire novel and without a doubt this has been done very effectively . Steinbeck clearly conveys his message about the American Dream in much detail and has done in a very meaning full way.

Easy Clean, Co: Evaluation of Internal Control Environment Essay

LEARNING OBJECTIVESEvaluate a new audit clients control environment.Provide an initial military rating of certain comp adeptnts of the clients control environmentAppreciate the judgment involved in evaluating the overall internal control environment based on interview dataProvide support for your internal control assessmentsTed is a manager in the Business Advisory and Assurance Services division of a national public bill dissolute. He has been given the job of managing the audit of Easy fairly, Co., which provides industrial and domestic carpet steam-cleaning gains. Easy Clean has never been audited. Thus, Ted does not shoot any prior-year working papers to review. Ted recently conducted a preliminary interview with Doug Dosio, who along with his brother, Phil, owns Easy Clean. Teds objective for the interview was to establish an perceptiveness of the control environment. To prep be for his interview, Ted reviewed professional auditing standards. Those auditing standards (AU 319) indicate that the control environment sets the tone of an organization, influencing the control consciousness of its stack. It is the foundation for all other components of internal control, providing discipline and structure. The standards pass on that control environment factors include the following1. Integrity and ethical values2. Commitment to competence3. Board of directors or audit committee participation4. counsellings philosophy and operating style5. Organizational structure6. Assignment of authority and responsibility7. Human resource policies and practicesBased on the interview communication provided below, you will be asked to evaluate the seven components of the clients control environment noted previously in order for you to make an evaluation of the overall internal control environment. Before reading the interview information, please spend a couple of minutes reviewing the assessments you will make. Based on the information provided in the interview that fol lows, you argon to evaluate Easy Cleans overall control environment. To assist you in making this overall assessment, you will find expatiate descriptions of factors noted below that may weaken or streng so each of the seven components comprising the overall control environment.INTERVIEW WITH CLIENTTedDoug, can you give me a little information on the background of Easy Clean? Doug Easy Clean provides both a domestic and industrial carpet steam-cleaning service and sells a relatively small amount of inventory, such as spot removers and carpet fresheners. Our conjunction provides this service throughout three counties, which cover over 40 townships in a densely populated area. Easy Clean is completely owned by Phil and me. Our occupancy has grown steadily over the course of several age after starting out with just one car-pulled trailer over five years ago. Over the years, the business has gradually added 12 teemingy render vans, worth about $30,000 each. Now in our sixth year o f business, we plan to purchase approximately one new van each year to cooperate the growing demand for our services. The company grossed just over $1,650,000 in revenues last year, about half of which was collected in cash. We feel our continuing success is receivable in large part to word of mouth. Ted Can you tell me something about the day-to-day operations?Doug Well, Mr. Day, our office manager, and I are in charge of a small sales force that goes out on leads to give estimates for new jobs. Mr. Day is paid a salary plus a percentage of the perfect sales each month. My brother, Phil, is normally out in the field managing the 20 employees who work as cleaners for Easy Clean. Phil also suffices with managerial and operating decisions. Salespeople are paid on a commission basis, selling both the domestic and industrial jobs based on standard prices established by the owners. Salespeople may sometimes negotiate special cut rates during the slower spring and fall seasons. Of cou rse, these are almost always subject to approval by me or Mr. Day. macroscopic industrial jobs are typically booked comfortably in advance of the actual work. The job commitments obtained by the salespeople are normally submitted to Mr. Day, who signs them to indicate his approval and then returns them to the salespeople.Sales people then forward job commitments to one of two data input clerks for handleing. The computer processes each commitment by extending the number of jobs by the standard price stored on the pricing file, or in specially negotiated situations, by the price on the input document. The sales, accounts receivable, and commitment files are updated and invoices are produced. An ejection report of special prices is produced and sent to the salespeople to ensure that the specially negotiated commitments to jobs were processed correctly. Mr. Day developed this sales system himself and its working rather well. Hes currently in the process of creating the user manual for the system. Ive also noticed that he sometimes makes adjustments to improve the system, which makes the account system process more efficient.Weve concur that hell reevaluate the process at least(prenominal) once every eight weeks. Ted And how about your accounting department? How big is it, and who oversees the accounting process? Doug The accounting department of Easy Clean consists of seven part-time clerks, including the two data input clerks, who are all paid an hourly wage. All except one are college students working toward their accounting degrees. Mr. Day trains all new accounting help when they are hired. Typically, they stay on with us until they graduate, which usually covers two full years. We keep them somewhat busy around here, but everyone helps each other out and they always get the job done. Ted What are your brother Phils responsibilities?Doug Phil manages the service component of the business. He usually trains all newly hired cleaning employees and expla ins their specific duties and responsibilities. When he feels sure that the employee is ready, the new hire is teamed up with a more experienced worker and assign to a truck unit. When additional help is needed, Phil places ads in the topical anesthetic newspaper. Phil is the expert at test that end of the business. Ted What about employee employee turnover?Doug We seaportt had a problem with employee turnover. Phil expects some turnover in this type of business and knows how to deal with it. We try to prevent any employee concerns by maintaining an on the fence(p) door policy and encouraging employees who have questions or concerns about their responsibilities to ask for help or to come talk with us. If a problem should arise that great power affect others, Phil or I will immediately address the problem at the periodic office meeting, making all employees aware of the issue. Both Phil and I work hard to ensure that any problem is resolved promptly. Doug leaves to give an est imate and Ted continues his observations of the business.Later that day, after spending time with the accounting staff, Ted has a import to ask Mr. Day a few questions. TedMr. Day, Im wondering if you could help me clarify some things regarding my brief observations of the accounting staff? Mr. DaySure, Id be glad to. What can I do for you?Ted I got the impression from the staff that theyre not always certain about their assigned functions. Are job responsibilities clearly defined? Mr. Day In assigning office responsibilities, Doug says the main considerations are that work should be done by the people who are familiar with a task and who are capable of doing it. But, he also admits that availability has to be a consideration. Although this does lead to some overlap in duties, it doesnt create any confusion in responsibilities.I carefully assign the daily duties and overview each days accounting records. This keeps the office running smoothly and in a well-organized manner. Ted The staff mentioned that theyve occasionally had problems processing collections of trade receivables. Do you pre sway cash receipts forwards theyre recorded? Mr. Day Well, we havent really experienced any need to. The system is set up so that we collect all of the checks at the end of the day, making it potential to record them all at one time. This way, we can be more efficient by avoiding the need to write them down twice. On those rare cause when there is a collection processing problem, we resolve it immediately. Ted Do you ever run into accounting policy problems?Mr. Day Not very often. I usually handle any policy problems that do arise, although Doug will handle the situation if he feels strongly about the issue. Ted Well, thank you Mr. Day. I need to talk to Doug before he leaves for the day. A few moments later, in Dougs officeTed Are you satisfied with the processing of trade receivables? Doug Yes, definitely. Mr. Day is meticulous in his clerical operations, which is well systematized. He has excellent control over the trade receivables. In fact, its been over a year and a half since the bank accepted a list of pledged receivables as security for a loanword. From then on, weve had access to a continually renewable loan based on a list thats updated weekly. The loan is relatively small, and the contract allows the bank to access Easy Clean s checking account in the unlikely event that collection of the loan seems doubtful. Perhaps I should add that although Phil and I have no formal accounting training and we have given Mr. Day full responsibility for the accounting duties, Phil and I are the only people allowed to sign company checks. Ted star of the accounting clerks mentioned that youre thinking about making a change in the accounting system. Doug As a matter of fact, Mr. Day has been looking into using a new accounting software package that should make the bookkeeping process an easier task for the clerks.This package includes a budgeting system that should help control costs and identify those areas that need attention. Although Ive always monitored the companys expenses, I didnt previously see the need for a formal budgeting system. If something didnt seem right, Phil or I would bring the problem up at the informal monthly office meeting between all the employees and try to resolve the issue. Given our current success, the implementation of a more sophisticated budgeting system seems like a wise investment. Ted Im also quested in your security measures. How do you protect your accounting records and physical assets? Doug After hours, the office door and windows are heavily bolted. Only Phil, Mr. Day, and I have keys to open the office. Although there havent been any problems, were considering locking up the file cabinets where the hard copies of the accounting records and data disks are stored at night. Ive also been meaning to see about having the computers bolted down to the desks. As for the vans, theyre kept in a fe nced-in distribute behind our office.Each driver gets a key to the gate lock so they can let themselves in or out for work. We have to do this because a lot of the commercial cleaning is done after hours, when the office is closed. As a precautionary measure, we change the lock regularly. Ted That should about do it for now, until I can get in to do some preliminary audit work. But before I leave, Id like to ask you a few more general questions. To start with, can you tell me what you feel is responsible for Easy Cleans recent success? Doug Well, Ted, because Easy Clean is using the newest steam-cleaning procedure, we provide a much better result than the traditional rotary shampoo methods used by our competitors. And, our customers can tell. Plus, Phil and I understand the business well, we are personable, and we pride ourselves on doing good work.Ted Having an audit performed by our firm is a big step. Why did you decide to have an audit now? deliver you ever been audited before ? Doug Phil and I are confident that Easy Clean is a truly viable concern. We feel that audited financial statements will corroborate our claim. Were eager to learn what suggestions your firm can give us regarding the most professional way to record and present our financial statements. We also have an interest in learning how to increase the companys credibility with the local business and banking community. Both Phil and I are excited about the success of our company and were motivated to continue strengthening the organization with the eventual goal of pursuing additional business opportunities and endeavors. Weve never been audited before, although we have used a local tax preparer to fill out our tax returns ever since Easy Clean has been in business. We did ask another firm, about two years ago, to come in to do an audit.We decided not to have the audit performed, though, because the companys fees were too high. Although Id have to look up the audit firms name, Phil and I deci ded that Easy Clean would have to wait for an audit until we could reasonably afford the fees. Weve come to the decision that now is the time. Ted Are there any issues of concern that you have regarding the audit? Doug Not really. Im proud of Easy Clean. The company has had no record of serious problems and has rarely had a problem with bad debts, since most of our receivable balances are collected within two to three weeks. Ted I understand that Easy Clean does not have an audit committee, which is typical of an organization this size.Can you tell me if Easy Clean has a board of directors and, if so, who serves on the board and how active the board is in overseeing central issues at Easy Clean? Doug We do have a board of directors. It is somewhat informal, but Phil, I, and our wives function as directors. We do have at least one regularly scheduled meeting each year and we have met on other occasions as necessary. Obviously, Phil and I have a pretty good idea of what is happening at Easy Clean on a daily basis. We do not believe our company is yet at a stage that could effectively support a separate board comprised of outside directors. Maybe well do that in a couple of years, if we keep growing.Ted One final thing Id like to askhave you and your brother Phil set out any goals for the future? Doug Phil and I have washed-out a lot of time talking about our goals and objectives, but weve never formally recorded them anywhere. Our long-term goals are fairly uncertain, but were hoping to frame our nest egg to the point where we can potentially retire early. We both agree that our future plans include expanding our sales territory, increasing advertising, investing more help and additional equipment, and, I have to admit, taking a well-deserved vacation in Hawaii.

Fin Understanding

Understanding the Concepts Professor Ingrain P. Nelson Fin 100 Introduction to Finance December 1, 2012 1. Imagine you argon a small business owner. jell the financial ratios that are important to the business. Compare your ratios with those that are important to a manager of a larger flowerpot. As a business owner, financial perceptiveness is something that has to be studied before you decide that you are going to open or even start a new business. Small businesses in frequent electric arc the finance summonss of their business in a different way than the larger participations.Most of the small businesses must rely on the personal indueors or personal resources to access m sensationy needed to be a successful business. It does not matter if it is a small business or a corporation being a successful business depends on having the capability to make more than what is being paid out. Now that we have a little mind of what it result take to start the business we must have k at presentledge of the different types of ratios that forget help us with this. The main three ratios that are utilise in the business world are the current ratio, add together debt ratio, and profit margin.The current Asia is a measure of the company ability to pay off its short-run debt as it comes due (Melcher & Norton). This ratio is computed by dividing the current additions by the current liabilities. Total debt ratio is Just what you think it is the total amount of debt the company has. The total debt ratios are total debt or total liabilities of the business and divide it by the total assets. Profit margin is simply how more profits (money) is made during the operation or while the business was open if you had to close it down.Net income is divided by sales in order to show the profit. All of the three ratios are utilize to no matter how big or small your company seems to be. 2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of debt financing and why an organization would choo se to issue production lines rather than bonds to generate funds. If you run into the problem of the current ratio showing that you have the inability to cover the costs of the business wherefore, debt financing may be the best solution for this problem. As we know with all financial options, there are some advantages and disadvantages of any company or business.The first advantage for debt financing is that it allows the menders or the owners of the company to keep control and ownership of the company. A second advantage would be that the bet paid on the loan may be tax deductible depending on the type of loan. The best part is the lenders you borrow money from do not share in your profits. The main disadvantage is the insecurity of credit ratings getting ruined or filing for bankruptcy (Palaver, n. D. ) As an organization they can choose to either issue stocks or bonds to help generate funds for the company. Most of the cadence they prefer to issue stocks over bonds.Stocks are a form of winnowers they represent participation in a companys growth (Investigated). A between investors and institutions that, in eliminate for financing, will pay a premium for borrowing, known as a coupon (Investigated). When it comes to the obligation of repay the principle on the stocks you have none now for the bond you must pay it on the date of maturity. The inertest of the bond has dividends, but the company only pays the dividends when the company makes a profit. The stocks have a fixed reside rate that has to be paid at a specific time. 3. Discuss how financial returns are related to risk.We know that how the returns work is the greater the risk the greater the returns. The more you invest the more you will get back in returns. The relationship between financial risk and return is the gain or the lost from investments or securities. Just because you have chosen to take a superiorer risk does not mean that your return will be as high as the risk you took. There ar e five factors of model investment risk shows risks in terms of credit risk, term risk, market risk, size risk, and cost risk. The return on an investment can be measured by a real rate which is what is earned after inflation has been figured into the value.The market, size, and harm factors are the link between risk and return (Risk and return are related Wealth Foundations, n. D. ). Now the beta stock is one factor that will help to determine the risk. 4. Describe the concept of beta and how it is used. A stocks beta is the measure of an assets taxonomical risk and the relative risk (Melcher and Norton). Beta also measures the volatility or variability of an assets returns relative to the market portfolio (Melcher and Norton). The assets of the company are more volatile than the market. If the company has a greater systematic sis than the market then the betas are greater than 1. . Even though the total risk and the sum of systematic risks are all measured by beta, they are e qual and they are all measured in different units. Total risk is measured in percentages and beta is unit less(prenominal). The rules of how the beta works can be in truth easy to understand. The beta value will always be greater than 1 if a stocks price moves more than the stock market. If the value of the beta is less than 1, the stock market is moving more than the stocks price. Increased volatility of stock price equals higher risk for the investors ND a higher expected return, then betas over 1 are riskier.Betas under 1 are the exact opposite. These stocks have fewer risks, less volatility, and smaller overall returns. (Stock Beta and Volatility, n. D. ) 5. Contrast systematic and unsystematic risk. As mentioned in the above paragraphs, ownership of stock does not come without risks. The types of risks are categorized as systematic and unsystematic risks. The risks are in truth similar to each other(a) in that they are both shamed by news and represent changes in a stocks re turn. The combination of these two risk types is noninsured the total risk. At this point is where the similarities between the two risks end.Systematic risks, also known as non-diversified risks, are common risks that affect all stock. This risk is the portion of an asset that can be linked to market factors that influence all firms (Marina, 2010). The market for the systematic risk is the news, such as hurricanes, war, or an increase in interest rates, that links with the investments of the company. When things like this happen the investors do not have control and now this presents a higher risk for the stockholders. Now that the hysteretic risks cannot be mitigated through and through diversification, they require a risk reward for buying a risky stock.The risky premium is determined solely by the systematic risks of a security. In addition to the risk premium, stockholders expect high returns because of the high risks posed by systematic risks. (Weakened, Kismet, Skies, 2011) Unsystematic risks or diversified risks are independent risks that only affect a single company or industry. The risk indicates a portion of an asset that is related to random causes that are linked to firm-specific events (Marina, 2010). The types of unsystematic events are to be made by the company or the industry specific news.When a merger happens between two companies this is what falls into the unsystematic risk category. Also other industry factors and events such as labor unions, strikes, lawsuits, and marketing strategies are a unsystematic risk. The changes that happen resulting from the independent risks are unrelated across investments. If the company has one unsystematic event that may happen, this will not have an effect on the entire outcome of the portfolio. Since the risk was so low this meaner that the stock will not be able to receive a risk premium. They can, however, diversify their portfolio to eliminate unsystematic risks.The elimination of the risks lowers th e return an investor can expect (Weakened, Kismet, Skies, 2011). 6. Imagine your manufacturing corporation has Just won a patent lawsuit. After attorney and other fees, your corporation will have about $1 million. Explain how you plan to invest the money in order to diversify the risk and receive a good return. Support your decisions with concepts learned in this course. If my manufacturing corporation has Just won a patent lawsuit, I would have to take advantage the financial concepts that I have learned in this class such as financial management, stock and bonds, and the financial risk.I would use these concepts in order to diversify the risk and receive a good return. I am not for sure as to how much was awarded before the attorney and other fees but, only about $1 million will remain. This money will be invested into different portfolios that would help to diversify the risks that I will be taken not that I have money to do that with. Taking about half of the money to invest in tenfold companies that have the potential to row and I can see where it would grow. I would buy shares this will give me the long term investments.

Effect of Technology and Network Security Support on Information Security Essay

IntroductionInformation shelter has become one of the challenges in ripping benefits of training engineering. It has been found out that to the highest degree people fear using modern education and communication technology due to fear of the privacy of their personalised details.Information technology has supported the crop of online services like e-commerce, e-banking, e-governance, and umpteen an(prenominal) others which required people to give their sensitive personal details. notwithstanding, practice like hacking and others which breach security of reading have gnaw at personal confidence in commit of ICT service. Information security derriere be described as the act of giving protection to instruction and systems by denying unauthorized access, hold, disclosure or modification.The effect of Technology on information securityThe following argon the technological methods that be used in turn up information security AuthenticationAuthentication is the wait on th rough which a person or any other things undergoes through a verification process to determine whether it is the one. It is the way through which something or someone is confirmed to establish whether the claim made is actually true (McNab, 2004). Authentication may involve proof of personal identity, origin of any artifact or basically making assurance that computer programs is trusted. Authentication is one of the commonly used methods of ensuring information security. It may be implemented through different methods includingPasswordA password can be outlined as private information that is only cognize to the owner. A password assigns a user identity which is associated with the password. The password so becomes the doorway for the user to access that particular identity (Information Resources, 2009). Passwords are personal and in that locationfore the standard of the password is very significant. Strong passwords are difficult to guess as compared to weak passwords and the refore they offer more than security to private information. It is important that user safeguard their password and once they mirthful that someone else has accessed their passwords they should con military positionr changing them to ensure security.TokenA security token is a hardware device that is used by the owner to authenticate their identity. Once the device is recognized by the net, the user is given access to the system. A token can be in different forms ranging from smart cards, key fob, and many others (Erin, 2005). Tokens provide high level security through two-factor authentication method. First, the owner has a personal identification number or PIN which authorizes them to access the device. Second the device displays that PIN number of the user to the system which allows them to access the system. Unlike passwords, token are more secure since even if the device falls in wrong hands, it will be difficult to guess the PIN. The four types of tokes include static passw ord, synchronised dynamic password, asynchronous password, and challenge response.BiometricsBiometric is one of the to the highest degree advance authentication techniques that are used when dealing with many people. It will be ascertained that today, everyone enters in a baseball match after their physical characteristics have been recorded in a system while in school kids use their thumb to access meals. These represent the commonly used biometric techniques where the emphasis is one authentication using personal physical characteristics (Down and Sands, 2004). Biometric uses different physical characteristics including eye, face, voice, fingerprints, shape of the hand, and many others.These characteristics are quite unique to every individual and they are one of the strong proofs to the personal identity. However, biometric authentication devices are very costly to buy and concord and therefore they are used in very sensitive situations. One of the greatest weaknesses of this method is that it is very easy to attacked stored comparison images than to copy those physical traits. In well-nigh cases, biometrics is used as a two factor authentication methods where a password is combined with personal physical appearance.Softwarethither are a number of softwares that have been developed to protect information in any network. The following are common software used in information securityAntivirusAntivirus are software developed to protect information from virus, spy ware, and malware. Antiviruses are used mostly in internet connected network where there is a high risk of spread of virus (Dhillon, 2007). Antivirus software mostly used includes MacAfee, Karspasky, NOD32, and many others.Content drool outingContent filtering is likewise known as information filtering. It encompasses the use of software to screen information on computers. It is also used in internet firewall e fussyly by corporations to guard some information considered private. Content filter ing helps to include or to exclude some information which can be accessed by a person and excluding information which is deemed objectionable (Dhillon, 2007).Content filtering is also used at home and at school in separate to filter information that can be accessed by children. In this case, it is used to filter out pornographic materials and violence oriented materials. In the internet content filtering can be classified into web filtering where some WebPages are filtered out and email filtering where e-mails are screened for spam. However, content filtering is criticized on the ground that some important information may be filtered out of the accessible content such that the information accessed does not really help the user.EncryptionWith the increased use of the internet, a great deal of sensitive personal information is sent from one person to another(prenominal)(prenominal) or to an organization. This raises serious questions regarding the safety of that information and the confidence that only the intended receiver receives and understands the information. To raise this level of confidence, info encoding method has been developed (Biham and Shamir, 1991). Although encryption has been used since the time of Roman Empire, it has become more complicated and with diverse use today.Encryption mainly involves conversion of a readable data to another form which can only be read and understood by a specified person or computer. This information is regarded as ciphered or encrypted data since it cannot be understood easily. It is recovered back to its original form through decryption. The level of protection and integrity in encryption is enforced by the use of message authentication code or digital signature.Message authentication code creates a secret key for the sender and receiver of the information which makes it more secure and authentic. Today, there are many softwares that are used in encrypting data. However, encryption is not one of the most secure methods of ensuring data security since there are diverse methods like traffic analysis, brute force, TEMPEST, and many others which can be used to crack the encrypted data (Biham and Shamir, 1991). It has been found that even some of the most complex algorithms like RSA, DES and others can be broken using these softwares.iii. HardwareFirewalls have also played an important role in enhancing information security. They can be used either in hardware or in software or when the two are combined. In day to day uses, firewalls are important in protection unauthorized access to a private network which is connected to the internet e sparely in the cases of intranets (Whitman and Mattord, 2007). Firewalls filters all communicate entering and leaving the intranet to ensure that it blocks those messages which are devoid of the set security standards. There are four major types of techniques used in implementing firewalls includingPacket filterThis is one of the most effective and transpare nt firewall techniques. Under this technique, each and every packet entering and leaving the network is filtered and only those which meet user defined criteria are allowed while the rest are blocked. However, the technique is quite difficult to configure and is more susceptible to IP spoofing.Application openingApplication gateway applies a defined security mechanism to some specific applications like FTP, Telnet servers, and others. Although it is quite effective, it can also lead to degradation of performance.Circuit level gatewayThis technique applies firewall security only when a TCP or UDP connected has been made. Once the connection is established, packets of data continue to flow without being checked since a secure connection has been made.Proxy serverProxy server technique intercepts in and out of a network. The server is quite effective in hide the network addresses and hence cannot be obtained easily.The effect of Network protective cover Support on information securi tyAlthough technology has been effective in deterring cyber crime, it is clear that technology alone cannot work. Even with the advanced technology and application of the various information security methods we have reviewed above, human support is still needed. There are various ways that have been employed in supporting technological method to fight cyber crimes. The following are some of these methodsHacker HuntersHacker hunters are surplus branches that have been set up in police department aimed at tracking passel cyber criminals. Hacker hunters are prowling cyberspace with an aim of tracking down and arresting professional cyber criminals who are motivated by big profits made online. Hacker hunters are employing gumshoe techniques to track down cyber crime suspect (Grow and Bush, 2005). They are employing various methods including infiltration of peon groups, monitoring the hackers through underground networks, and when possible, intercepting the hackers before they can cau se any damage. Most important, hacker hunters are relying on intelligence in order to track cyber criminals.They are using informants inside hackers group to get vital information regarding their operation. For example in 2004, Hacker Hunters in Washington unleashed Operation Firewall in which they targeted members of the ShandowCrew tracking them through their website shandowcrew.com with the help of an informant from the group. Hackers Hunters must therefore seek inside information from individuals in these groups in order to fight deter them. They are applying the same principles that were used in the 1960s to fight organized crime since both are similar in many aspects.Police OperationsPolice operations work in the same manner as hacker hunters. In most cases, police operations are carried out by a special group within the police force and reinforce the work of hacker hunters. For example in the above case, the modified Agents in the operation firewall got assistance from the l ocal police forces. Therefore police operations are important in pursuing cyber criminals to ensure security of information (Leyden, 2004).Unlike hacker hunters, police operations are carried out as fighting of routine crimes. This means that although there may be a special group carrying out police operations, it may not be entirely specialise in fighting cybercrime. In most countries, there are special internet police departments which are used in fighting internet crimes. These police departments are entrusted with carrying out important functions like fighting cybercrime, censorship, propaganda, online scams, manipulation of online opinions, and others.However one of their most important duties is to work closely with hacker hunters in intervening and apprehending cyber criminals. Internet police departments also collaborate with other police departments in other countries in enforcing internet security laws and apprehending cyber criminals. In the international front, Interpol has been important in enforcing international crimes.iii. Network gage overhaul CompaniesFor many companies, proving information security is an expensive endeavor. Companies are not only required to install hardware and software devices, but they must also collaborate with authority to ensure information security. However, the growth of corporate resources in provision of secure business environment has made many information security methods inefficient and expensive (Lighthouse Security Group, 2009). For this reason, most companies are finding it appropriate to outsource comprehensive and streamlined network security services from Network Security Services Company. Network Security Service Companies have also become important in enforcing information security.These are companies which are specialized in providing services to enforce information security. These companies offer Managed Security Services (MSS) which are security capabilities mostly outsourced by other companies. Th ese services vary from supplementing of an existing security system to offering a complete forward-looking MSS where the Network Security Service Company is entrusted with information security. However, MSS is just one of the different types of managed services others including routing, hosting, LAN, VPN, and others. Network Security Service Companies therefore offer specialized high quality network security services ensuring for many enterprises.ConclusionThe increased incidence of breach of privacy of information has had negative impact on adoption of ICT services. The emergence of e-commerce, e-banking, e-governance and other online services which required input of sensitive personal details have been affected by increased hacking of information.There are different methods that have been developed to increase information security mainly through the use of technology and network support on information security. technical methods include authentication through password, token, bio metrics software including antivirus, content filtering, or encryption and hardware through use of firewall techniques. Network security support includes hacker hunters, police operations, and security services offered by network security service companies.ReferenceBiham, E. & Shamir, A. (1991). Differential cryptanalysis of DES-like Cryptosystems. Journal of Cryptology, Vol. 4(1) 3-72Dhillon, G. (2007). Principles of information systems security text and cases. NY thaumaturgy Wiley & SonsDown, M. P & Sands, R. (2004). Biometrics An Overview of the Technology, Challenges and Control Considerations. Federal Computer Week, 21(13)Erin, B. (2005). Information security Token. Boston, Technology PressGrow, B. & Bush, J. (2005). Hacker Hunters An elite force takes on the dark side of computing. Retrieved 28th April 2009 from http//www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_22/b3935001_mz001.htmInformation Resources, (2009). Security tips Password protection. Retrieved 28th April 2009 from h ttp//www.utdallas.edu/ir/security/STpassword.htmLeyden, J. (2004). Enforcement is key in fighting cybercrime. Retrieved 28th April 2009 from http//www.crime-research.org/analytics/473/Lighthouse Security Group, (2009). Enterprise security solutions. Retrieved 28th April 2009 http//www.lighthousecs.com/Practices/Enterprise-Security-Solutions/McNab, C. (2004). Network Security Assessment. Sebastopol, CA OReillyWhitman, M. & Mattord, J. (2007). Management of information security. Boston, Technology Press

Sweet Basil Marketing Plan

In come bring divulge to Increase grocery store sh be and gross revenue, perfumed sweet basil result gull dine-in, take-out, and take-n-bake pizza pie lovers In the cities of Treated, Rewind, USA, and Monrovia. The strategies for increasing sales argon to first penetrate sassy securities industrys, then outgrowth usage and size of node commits. This go forth be conducted with with(predicate) unbeat commensurate value and the finest ingredients that targetnot be received separatelywhere else in the atomic number 18a. The merchandise mix for ami open sweet basil impart consist of mobile marting, flyer distribution, a website, social media outlets, telly system ad and email newsletters.The objectives for legion(predicate) of these avenues atomic number 18 to provide coupons and discounts as easy as gain consumer unwaveringty. The business does a spacious Job already with returning patrons so it is time to focus energy on effectually penetrating new food markets. refreshing basil provide look to Increase sales by 40% or $110,400 and carry through with(predicate) a market get by of 30% In Treated and 20% In the surrounding clues. This volition ensure success and volition provide a break even before the first 6 months. 2. 0 Situation Analysis Currently, the economic market condition in the united States and atomic number 20 is primarily recession.Overall, the pizza business is doing k. Tit flat sales of about $38 billion for the past 3 years (Kara 2011). Consumers are change state lots to a greater extent particular when it comes to value and where they spend their badly earned m maveny. odoriferous common basil pizza shop is doing quite well during the recession but it is having disturbance inquiring new consumers. Prices of flour, produce, and cheese are on the rise so It Is important to Increase business and revenue to cover these associated speak tos. These forces are uncontrollable In the macro environment along with the rising unemployment from the recession.It is important to instill value and personalized maintain/ subjoin repeat nodes. There are many favored dine-in and take- out pizza companies that fail to provide the opportunity for consumers to procure take-n-bake pizzas. Consumers are going to ultimately purchase from the establishment that provides the best value and prize mixture. agreeable sweet basil crevices dine-in, take-out, and take-n-bake pizzas, leaving the delivery market to competitors. With this in mind, redolence basil is very capable of increasing sales with the development of take-n-bake pizzas and a solid marketing scheme. 2. Market Summary sweet-flavored basil Pizzeria is an extremely reputable pizzeria in the metropolis of Treated, California. Besides being well known, sweetly common basil in any case maintains a strong competitive advantage with its owner, James Decrease, being a hotel restaurant management graduate from Purdue University and res taurant industry veteran for well over 25 years. James has been able to carefully select his target market due to his extensive industry experience. As mentioned before, the current pizza market is motionless at around $38 billion per year, which isnt so bad considering worldwide market conditions.Many loyal customers throw off been moving due to rising foreclosure judge and this hurts return business. An astonishing 93% of Americans eat pizza at least once a month and approximately 3 billion pizzas are exchange every year (Hinkle 2009). This leaves plenty of way for aspiration and growth for pleasant Basil take-n-bake pizzas in the current market. Even though fresh Basils target market demographics is tailored to consumers in the San Gabriel Valley and surrounding areas in southern California, we re deal the right to increase the area if growth is substantial.The bonnie salary of southern California Jobs is $55,000 a year (Simply Hired 2011), which leaves plenty disposable i ncome for the on-the-go working class individual. Many consumers in southern California lead extremely busy lifestyles, which makes it hard to cook for a family. There are shortly seven pizza restaurants/parlors in Treated, California. None of these pizza establishments saturnineer take-n-bake pizzas for sale, so the simply real competition is frozen pizzas at the super market. Our consumers enjoy high quality pizza with fresh ingredients at an affordable price.This provides incredible value to the customer and a much better alternative to tidy sum having to bake store bought frozen pizzas. angelic Basil provides its customers with an extensive value for their hard earned none. Consumers choose Sweet Basil pizza because we serve their needs through our unique ingredients and fresh homemake sauce and dough. People want more than Just a bland, regular sense of taste pizza and we tailor our unique blend of basil, garlic, and oregano to pizza lovers throughout the Los Angels area.S weet Basil serves over 10 different types of specialty pizzas creating enjoyment for all types of palettes. Our pizza can be picked up with no abide and is never sold unless it has been made within 7 days to increase the quality that youll find in the frozen section of the super markets. Since no other pizza establishments in Treated offer take-n-bake style pizzas, we will be able to control the market for consumers that are looking for a fresh alternative. Nearly every single frozen pizza brand from Disgorging to Stouffer change magnitude its sales in the 52 weeks in the midst of summer 2009-2010 (BIB International 2010).Disgorging made the most out of the entire cash in ones chips 10 frozen pizzas in 2010 Digestions sales throughout the world, its important to notice that they increased sales from 2009 to 2010 and that the market doesnt show any signs of decreasing. Pizza is an American tradition that most pile love to eat and Sweet Basils quality ND scrumptious ingredients create the competitive advantage. 2. 2 SOOT Analysis * Strengths Sweet Basils strengths consist of a number of things currently going into the take-n-bake market.For one, Sweet Basil is the solely pizzeria that currently offers take-n-bake pizzas the competition is very minimal other than store bought frozen pizzas. Second, Sweet Basil has a stellar reputation amongst the surrounding community, catering to schools and businesses arrive at new customers daily. Sweet Basil only uses the freshest ingredients and everything is homemade including the bread and delicious sauce. The pizzeria is located in a prime location, right next likewise Seven-Eleven, getting optimal exposure from the public. Weaknesses Currently there are a couple of solid weaknesses that can cause some undesired hurdles for Sweet Basils take-n-bake pizzas. First off, Sweet Basil has not done any marketing yet for the new take-n-bake concept and all of the marketing in the past has been through discourse of mouth solely. Another weakness is that consumers are already familiar with the competition and that could make it very difficult to market to consumers that havent tried Sweet Basil pizza before. Finally, Sweet Basil pizzeria doesnt have any distribution outlets other than the restaurant located in the city of Treated and delivery is not offered.These issues certainly need to be addressed and solved so that they dont affect Sweet Basil pizzeria negatively. * Opportunities While pizza continues to be popular in America, it is evolving. Fierce discounting and coupling by top players has squeezed other pizza Sellers (Kara 2011). This leaves a great opportunity for Sweet Basil to offer coupons and discounts through a pastiche of medias and advertising. Another opportunity is that the market appears to be very teddy for take-n-bake/frozen pizza purchases. This can certainly provide Sweet Basil with a hap to reap some of the market share with its high quality, affordable pizzas.Second, Sweet Basils take-n-bake pizzas dont use up any additional resources or time than their freshly made take-out or dine-in pizzas, making start up costs insignificant. One possibility in the future could be to contract with grocery store irons to offer frozen pizzas more conveniently to consumers. Sweet Basil can increase revenue by attracting customers that dont live close to the pizzeria or prefer o make pizzas at their own home. * Threats Potential banes for Sweet Basil include possible competition from neighboring pizzerias in the area should they decide to start a take-n-bake operation.Another possible threat could be an increase in direct and indirect costs such as electricity for freezing the take-n-bake pizzas. An increase in foul up prices could also be a possible threat for sales of pizza because consumers may not be willing to drive to the pizzeria. An increase in toil costs due to the slightly complex routine behind making take-n-bake pizzas ready for customers. 2. Competiti on As briefly stated earlier, there are currently 5 other pizza restaurants in Treated and we compete for pizza loving customers on a regular basis.These competitors great sum of customers that can be earned with the proper marketing campaign. The seven places to get pizza in Treated are Pizza Hut, Dominos, Hungry Hosiers Pizza, Treated Pizza Co. , Little Caesar, degenerate Pizza, and Cost (which is Sweet Basils only real take-n-bake competition other than grocery store brands). People can purchase freshly made pizza to order at all of these establishments, but these competitors eave not developed a take-n-bake concept yet. This leaves the market wide open for Sweet Basil to compete with better-known chains such as Cost and grocery store brands.The seven pizza establishments in Treated do not pose as much threat to Sweet Basils Take-n-Bake pizzas as the store bought brands and Cost pizza. When considering true competition it is important to observe the characteristics of the take- n-bake pizza that Sweet Basil will offer. The pizzas are going to be 16 in length, which is fairly large for take-n-bake pizza. This means that single-serve frozen pizza sonnets really pose a significant threat because we are marketing to bigger parties and families who are constantly on the go. Sweet Basils large 14 pizzas will come with a variety of toppings.With this in mind the only store bought competitors that are offered at nearly all super markets are Disgorging, Tombstone, Red Baron, California Pizza Kitchen, Freshest, and Tonys (BIB International 2011) in order of popularity/sales. The other main competitor that Sweet Basil has to beware of that is gaining popularity is Costs take-n-bake frozen pizzas because they offer more rationalized go and quality than the other brands. Cost pizzas are also larger in size (16) and cost a little more than the other brands (Cost 2011). 2. Product Offering The new point of intersection offering of Sweet Basil Pizzeria is very concise a nd direct. The take-n-bake pizzas will only be offered in the 14 size and will consist of only five different varieties such as pepperoni pizza, cheese pizza, vegetarian pizza, Sweet Basil Favorite (all combo toppings), and BBC pizza. All of these pizzas are made with the finest topical anaesthetic produce from Mikes Foods and ingredients provided from JACM DOD service distribution. Sweet Basil Pizza will be extremely fresh, having been made within a week from the date of purchase.Customers can feel assured they are getting a high-quality pizza with greater freshness than any other brand currently in the target market. Valued consumers will also be able to call in orders if they require special toppings or especially large orders. Consumers will also be able to purchase packets of our most popular ingredient Sweet Basil, which is a combination of inexplicable spices disciplineing garlic and basil. This mixture is absolutely delicious and makes any pizza caste even better than it normally would. 2. Keys to Success The major factors that will make Sweet Basil a huge success among the competition in the Los Angels area is our stellar personalized service, finest ingredients, competitive price, and homemade sauce/dough recipe. Personalized service and quality/recipes are the main advantages that Sweet Basil Pizzeria is aiming to use as their competitive advantage. Sweet Basil already has a considerable customer dimension from its fourteen years of success and this must keeping up to date with ingredient costs, researching local stores and purveyors to ampere value/price mixtures.According to the National eatery Association, the top trend right now is locally grown produce (Stevenson 2010). Sweet Basil only purchases the finest, locally grown produce from Mikes Foods in Treated. The new take-n-bake proceeds that sweet basil offers is no more expensive than providing its everyday to-go pizzas to valued customers. This makes the overall product cost extremely lo w and creates a major factor in the success of this new idea for Sweet Basil Pizza. The pizza and restaurant business is a difficult industry to tackle product/industry knowledge is a necessity to succeed.Sweet Basil is always staying familiar and up to date with current practices in order to proceed competitive. This factor is something that Sweet Basil will surely continue to practice and exploit. Continued customer satisfaction is a concept that Sweet Basil will continue to innovate to its valued patrons. 2. 6. Critical Issues As a pre-established company, Sweet Basil maintains an exceptional product, gaining return customers and recognition daily. The major critical issues for Sweet Basil is to * Gain market exposure- Sweet Basil doesnt currently spend any money on marketing to Treated or its surrounding cities.Word of mouth from satisfied customers is a great type of free marketing but it doesnt increase briskly enough. Sweet Basil will now be able to offer a product to cust omers that live further away therefore, it should target more customers using different avenues of marketing. Train additional staff- training is a 2-3 month period depending on the further of the employee and this could slow the business down if not forecasted properly. Since Sweet Basil doesnt deliver, it is currently run with no more than 2 employees at a time.If customers and sales increase significantly, sustainability will rely on the ark force. New hiring measure may be needed. * Monitoring quality assurance and customer service- the pizzeria must maintain a reputable amount of quality and service in order to ensure that the growth strategy doesnt Jeopardize the current benchmark. Quality will be monitored by gaining feedback from customers and leave aloneing them to offer suggestions through questionnaires. * Expansion- expanding through the creation of additional parlors in Dearths surrounding cities may be a necessity if it proves both profitable and sustainable.This is more off long-term critical issue but must be recognized nonetheless. . 0 Marketing Strategy The primary target for Sweet Basils marketing strategy will be towards households and businesses in the cities of Treated, Monrovia, USA, and Rewind. Americans love pizza and it is clear that everyone in these cities should be marketed because of pizzas popularity and sustained growth throughout past years. For now, Sweet Basil only offers take-out, dine-in, and take-n-bake services to its patrons, which leaves delivery open to competition.Sweet Basil realizes that they can serve 65-70% of Pizza Power Report). Undoubtedly there is a substantial amount of market share that an be earned with the proper market-challenger attack strategies. Sweet Basil anticipates being able to sell more pizza to current customers, sell to market segments that have not previously been targeted, and gain a higher market penetration. Word of mouth advertising has been Sweet Basils sole source of advertising for th e past fourteen years and now the time has come to try a new initiative to increase growth and profits.Although word of mouth advertising is extremely effective and well trusted from consumers, Sweet Basil finds that most loyal clients did not hear about the pizzeria until the first couple years of residing in Treated. With this in mind, the pizzeria will kick off some new marketing strategies to increase its overall exposure to the businesses and households in its target market. Sweet Basil will look to gain new customers through new-market segment strategies.More consumers need to be aware of Sweet Basils unparalleled service and great tasting pizza word of mouth advertising will not penetrate as many consumers as supplementary advertising. Sweet Basil also looks to engage in blockade attacks throughout the before-mentioned cities in order to gain exposure into some of the competitions territory. Finally, Joint partnership advertising will be conducted to decrease overall advertis ing costs. musical theme flyers will be attached to every take-out box, promoting take-n-bake pizza to current patrons, which well result in increased usage.Flyers that include coupons will be served to residential and mercenary properties in order to increase new customers. This will help Sweet Basil primarily increase sales over time but will also help in gaining exposure to the target market. A recent study shows that 46% of pizza consumers report that coupons or promotions influence where they decide to purchase their pizza (Barrett, 2010 Pizza Power Report). If these statistics prove to be true, Sweet Basil will surely be able to earn new business amongst the community.Sweet Basil will also exploit other forms of integrated marketing communications through website development, mass SMS marketing to loyal patrons, and usage of social media platforms. The website will allow consumers to view the menu and leave comments, questions, and concerns, which will be viewable for every one to see. Catering is a huge source of Sweet Basils success and consumers will be able to navigate through catering options and selective information. People will also be able to add themselves onto the weekly email that will be sent out to include coupons and special promotions.This will help Sweet Basil in obtaining more market exposure to current and new clientele. With so many flock now using the Internet to search for products and services it is now acknowledged that having a business website is Just about as essential as having a telephone (Touched, 2001). Sweet Basil will also utilize mass text message marketing in order to promote specials and promos that are offered each week. This will be initiated using Decontrolling. Mom to ensure that these messages can be sent every other week to market different promos and special items to consumers. each(prenominal) customer will be asked if they would like to receive promotion emails and text messages from Sweet Basil. The succe ss rate for permission based mobile marketing campaigns is around 25% Oarfish, 2006). This will ensure seamless impersonal communication to Sweet Basils loyal patrons. Lastly, Sweet Basils marketing include the development of a Faceable, Namespace, and Twitter account so loyal patrons can feel more united with Sweet Basils service and undeniable quality food. The Namespace and Faceable pages will allow customers to view the menu and catering options that Sweet Basil offers.This type of marketing is virtually free although it is time consuming to continuously update. Sweet Basil will also utilize cable television marketing in order to market to new customers. Advertising will only be targeted to meter Warner Cables Foothills and West Covina coverage areas in the San Gabriel Valley (Coverage study 2011). Mostly sports programs on ESP. and popular shows on Bravo will be targeted to enhance Sweet Basils exposure to their target market. This will be exercised during the first 90 days o f marketing plan.All of these integrated marketing communications will allow Sweet Basil to reach a large market of new consumers as well as continue to gain increased business with existing patrons. These marketing strategies were also selected due to their low cost and minimal time function required. 3. 1 Mission Statement We exist to provide the best quality dine-in, take-out, and take-n-bake pizza to the Route 66 communities of the San Gabriel Valley. This will be accomplished through left over(p) customer service, value, and great tasting pizza creating a memorable experience for all to enjoy. 3. Marketing Objectives Sweet Basil will achieve a fewer concrete objectives through its current and future marketing actions. The first and most crucial goal for the pizzeria is to conduct new- market segment strategies in order to earn new customers throughout Treated, Monrovia, USA, and Rewind. This strategy will be initiated immediately at the start of Quarter 2 this year now that Sweet Basils take-n-bake pizzas are now in production. The target market objective is to increase overall market share, earn new customers, and amplify purchases to increase sales by 40% from now throughApril 2012. Collectively, Sweet Basil seeks to increase overall market share to 25% of all dine-in, take-out, and take-n-bake purchases in Treated and 13% of market share from Monrovia, Rewind, and USA. This also includes 15% market share transactions from employees of local businesses in Treated and Rewind as well as 25% market share to households in Treated, Rewind, Monrovia, and USA. In order to accomplish these goals, Sweet Basil will have to gain at least 30 new customers every week on average and the goal is to be able to retain 90% of them.This strategy ill allow the pizzeria to maintain strong, positive growth each quarter through its increasing customers. Another objective is increasing consumer usage to where customers are purchasing Sweet Basil products at least one more t ime per week. This will include increasing the purchase volume of each consumer as well. New consumers will be able to be measured by asking them how they hear about Sweet Basil to begin with and afterwards asking them if they would like to receive coupons and promotions by email and text in the future. Sweet Basils target is to achieve the before mentioned market share by the end of 2012.Sweet Basil will also set promotional objectives in order to reach new customers through brand and company awareness as well as implementing strategic sales promotions. Millennial will information through word of mouth (Mr.. Youth, 2011). A major objective will be to grow the pizzerias followers on Faceable and Namespace to 750 people by the end of 2011 to engage in more promotional initiatives. seasonal worker and promotional entrees will be posted on these social media sites every other week to maintain consumer usage. The address, phone number, menu, and catering options will all be included n t hese sites as well.Sweet Basil will be hiring an individual to hand out door flyers to residential households and businesses in the cities of Treated, USA, Rewind, and Monrovia (starting in the city of Treated). This marketing effort will be conducted every Wednesday and Thursday from am to pm for the residential areas and every Monday for local businesses. Similar flyers will be on every take-out pizza box as well to notify customers of the option to purchase take-n-bake pizzas. No additional employees would have to be hired for the business as long as business doesnt increase more than 50%.The flyers will include specials and combos that can be purchased in exchange for the coupon on the flyer. Each flyer will have a coupon to receive 1 free slice with a purchase of any take-n-bake pizza. The flyers will also contain a coupon to purchase a take-n-bake pizza for 25% off. Additional specials will be included on the flyer and sponsors will be able to advertise on the other half of th e flyer. The sponsors will incur all costs for the production of the flyers and will also include Sweet Basils website, Faceable, Namespace, and Twitter information for nonusers..These flyers will be very similar to the email and text messaging blasts that Sweet Basil will be conducting every other month. Sweet Basil will look to enhance partnership efforts with local businesses, schools, cities, and clubs in order to increase exposure and maintain growth. Catering services and pizza specials will be offered for discount prices depending on the size and occasion of the order. Sweet Basil looks to increase its catering by 5% to businesses and residential areas. This will also help Sweet Basil gain more exposure and market share from satisfied customers. 3.Financial Objectives Sweet Basil will be targeting a number of sound fiscal objectives in order to increase profits and sustainability. As stated in the marketing objectives, increasing sales by 40% during the first 365 days is the target for Sweet Basil. Overall, Sweet Basil aspires to collectively reach 30% market share for Dearths dine-in, take out, and take n bake pizza sales by the end of 2012. The goal for Rewind, USA, and Monrovia will be 20% overall market share. Currently, Sweet Basil obtains 30% of its business from take out orders, 50% from dine in business, and 20% from catering.With the current market conditions, Sweet Basils overall gross income amounts to $23,000 on average per month. The gross income should amount to at least $32,200 per month on average by April 2012 in order to realize a successful marketing plan. This would amount to an extra $110,400 in gross income a year, which would only be substantial if costs remained low. Sweet Basil doesnt require hiring an extra employee for the additional expected business so long as it doesnt exceed a 50% sales increase. Social media sites such as Faceable, Namespace, and Twitter are free which makes it a valuable marketing source financially.Swee t Basil will be using decontrolling. Com to send out SMS blasts including specials and deals for and allows for 5,000 customers to be included. The annual cost for this service then amounts to $960/year while emails are virtually free to send to loyal subscribed customers. Sweet Basils website will be created for $ nose candy0 through a current part- time employee that is also going to school for web design. This will be built during slow business hours at the restaurant to decrease hourly costs for the web development. The web domain will cost around $100 dollars a year to maintain.One f the expensive strategies for Sweet Basil Pizza is the cost of hiring on an employee to work Monday, Wednesday, and Thursday for 24 hours a week handing out flyers. The employee will be paid $8/her, so the annual cost will come out to about $12,000 if gas costs are associated. The flyers will be free to Sweet Basil because the sponsors will incur that cost. The most expensive marketing source will b e advertising on Time Warner Cable during the first 90 days of marketing plan initiation. As mentioned earlier, only ESP. and Bravo will be targeted and we will run 4 commercials per day on both networks.With a cost of $40 per spot, Sweet Basil will incur a total cost of $28,800 Just in television advertising costs. An increase in sales will not result in a significant increase in utilities since the restaurant hours will remain the same and because the pizza oven is always left on. The cost of running the oven 2417 isnt much different from the cost of turning it off at night and the oven takes an hour to speedy up to 600 degrees when opening in the morning. After all the costs are subtracted, Sweet Basil can make a return of $67,540 but the increase of ingredients, labor, and materials have not been subtracted from this mount.All of the before mentioned other than pizza ingredients and material will remain the same regardless off 40% increase in sales. 3. 4 Target Markets As state d earlier, Sweet Basils target market will consist of all pizza lovers in the Route 66 cities of the San Gabriel Valley. In recent studies, 93% of Americans eat pizza at least 1 time a month, (Pizza Plan, 2011) which means there is a sizeable target market for Sweet Basil to penetrate. There are 21,782 residents in Treated, 46,672 in USA, 37,523 in Monrovia, and 1,433 in Rewind, which brings a total consumer market of close to 110,000 people (city-data, 2009).Rewind consists of businesses for the most part, which gives Sweet Basil an opportunity to increase dine-in sales to workers during the day and catering services for luncheons and special events. Consumers report that 45% of restaurant pizza orders are for take- out and 20% of orders are for dine in (Barrett, 2010). The general strategy for Sweet Basil will be differentiation as described in Porters generic strategies (Marketing Management, 2009). Sweet Basil offers an incomparable product compared to the rest because they use the best and highest quality ingredients while having the nines recipes.The key source of this distinction is the sweet basil powder that patrons can top on their pizza after it is made. Take-n-bake pizza is not offered in any other restaurants in the area other than Sweet Basil, which gives them an advantage for consumers that want a more unique taste. Consumers have a need for great tasting quality pizza that can be purchased right when they want it with little wait time and low cost. Sweet Basil certainly meets this need with the before mentioned points of difference and being able to dine-in and take-out as well. ND be out speedy than if they purchased fast food.Many consumers like driving by on their way home from work to get a late night special $6 one topping pizza that is hot and ready between 6-pm to feed their family after a busy workday. Others choose to stock up on take-n-bake frozen pizzas to serve at their convenience. Catering services are offered to businesses and p atrons that have the need to feed a large event or party and a much more extensive menu is offered in order to add variety. Sweet Basil patrons range from all ages and nationalities, which is the advantage of offering a product that 93% of people engage in at least once a month.Pizza is also a relatively inexpensive way to feed a family and large parties of people in residential areas. This makes pizza ideal for people that are currently affected by the downfall of the economy and increases in unemployment. High school kids and local workers are a major part of the afternoon dine-in business that Sweet Basil receives during the week. Nearly 95% of Sweet Basils business comes from returning customers, which proves that there is room for new customers. This also roves that the product tastes great and has an eminent price-quality comparison. . 5 Positioning Nearly all Americans enjoy eating pizza because it is a delicious and quick meal, which gives Sweet Basil an advantage over selli ng other products. In a recent survey initiated by Technetium, results show that 68% of those that have children 18 and under living in their household say that pizza occasions usually involve children (Barrett, 2010). This shows that pizza is a very popular amongst families but Sweet Basil does well with single person households and local workers since pizza is sold by he slice until pm.This also helps in closing the gap for Sweet Basils consumers and leaves only those that prefer ordering their pizza and having it delivered. Sweet Basil is not trying to offer delivery service any time soon, but many patrons prefer Just coming in to take-out their pizza rather than ordering delivered pizza from a competitor. This is exactly how Sweet Basil determines itself to consumers the prices are low and affordable, the quality of food and flavor is unrivaled, and the experience is optimal. As mentioned earlier, Sweet Basil powder adds for a uniqueness that ant be tasted anywhere else which p ositions the business very well.All pizzas are created from scratch, using a large mixer for dough and fresh store bought produce, meats, and ingredients from local purveyors. Pricing strategies are used as well to effectively position Sweet Basils food offerings. Sweet Basil sells pizza by the slice for only $1 where other companies may charge up to $3/slice. Sweet Basil also sells its large one topping take-out, dine-in, and take-n-bake pizzas for $8, which is a phenomenal value considering all of the top grade ingredients used.This creates a rice-quality comparison that isnt reciprocated from any competitors in the target market. Sweet Basil is able to position itself to a completely new market with the recent creation of its take-n-bake pizza. Minute reports that frozen pizza can be found in 66% of all households (Barrett, 2010), which gives Sweet Basil a nice competitive advantage over other pizza businesses in the San Gabriel Valley. Sweet Basil notices possible opportunities if they were to contract and create partnerships with local grocery stores and markets. Another possible opportunity in the future would be to

Strategic Global Management

Multiple-choice Chapter 6 Which of the following is not true for a cap cleverness? A) it cannot be traded B) it changes over time C) it can be easily described in detail D) it can improve value Which of the following is not a necessary condition for the effective implementation of a pay for performance system? A) employees must be able to inhibit the pace of production B) there should be a lower bound on product qualityC) managers should receive a high bonus for the piece rate work of their employees D) team members should run through roughly the same preferences for effort Which of the following is not an activity in the value chain? A) outbound procurement B) marketing C) technology development D) operations Chapter 7 A key assumption inherent theories of upright piano desegregation is A) Opportunistic behavior B) Suppliers and buyers cook the same size C) Suppliers and buyers be located in the same country D) Firms are boundarylessIn the strategic sourcing framework, firms vertic eachy integrate when A) the firms need to control and its ability to perform an activity are both high B) there is high uncertainty surround the transaction with the supplier C) the need to control and the ability to perform the activity are uncorrelated D) the supplier has invested in high technology 14. The two most studied types of uncertainty that influence vertical integration decisions are A) exchange rate and volume B) comminute cost and technological C) material cost and labor costD) volume and technological The standard theory of vertical integration over the exertion life one shot states A) vertical integration occurs primarily in the early and late stages B) vertical integration increases in the shakeout C) vertical integration increases throughout the life cycle D) vertical integration decreases over the life cycle Chapter 8 Which of the following is generally a motivation for the formation of technology partnerships among large firms? A) coalition formation in the context of standards competition B) sharing complementary technologiesC) interfirm learning of process innovations D) all of the above In which industry are partnerships based on patent sharing prevalent? A) data communications B) semiconductors C) biotechnology D) pharmaceuticals When does the ability of a potential partner to cooperate effectively become apparent? A) when it promises to follow the rules of the alliance B) when it is attest by an appropriate agency C) when the network of partnerships in the industry develops D) all of the above Chapter 9A nationally segmented industry is one in which A) country specialized advantage and firm specific advantage are both high B) country specific advantage is high and firm-specific advantage is low C) country specific advantage is low and firm specific advantage is low D) none of the above Which of the following agitate technological spillovers within a region? A) managerial transfers B) labor pooling C) regional associati ons D) all of the above porters diamond model contains which of the following factors? A) technological spilloversB) cultural constraints C) export policies D) demand conditions Chapter 10 Which types of vernal business will a corporations pecuniary capital contribute the most to? A) large businesses in mature industries B) smaller units in growing industries C) larger businesses in growing industries D) smaller units in mature industries Diversification paths of firms in the same industry vary across countries because A) the resources and capabilities of the firms in the same industry differ systematically across countriesB) countries differ in the institutions that present diversification opportunities C) countries are located in different geographical locations D) the firms top management teams differ systematically across countries When an eruditeness announcement occurs, acquisition targets often tend to A) Enjoy a positive stock reaction B) Suffer a blackball stock react ion C) Maintain their stock price D) Outsource more Chapter 11 Traditionally, firms that have boastful through unrelated diversification have faced which of the following problems?A) the businesses were managed to support short-term corporate financial goals B) the complexity of the business portfolio exceeded corporate managements capability C) there was no enduring frugal rationale at the level of operations for the business units to be in the same corporation D) all of the above A transfer using a mandated market price is most effective when the downriver unit A) is attempting to assemble its market position based on a cost advantage B) is attempting to establish its market position based on a value advantage C) has already achieved a ascendent market position D) has failed to achieve a dominant market positionVertical integration, as represented among profit centers in a multi-business firm, is A) always superior to transactions in the market B) never superior to transactio ns in the market C) not necessarily superior to transactions in the market D) none of the above stretch out questions Describe the two key strategic motivations for international expansion? Why do multinationals emerge? How have Zaras practices and policies regarding its boundaries contributed to its growth and performance? What was the source of tension between Stephen Davies and Christopher Carson in the BRL Hardy case? What are its strategic implications?